![]() What is an IP address?Īn IP (Internet Protocol) address is a logical address of a device in a computer network using IP protocol (works on Layer 3 of ISO/OSI model). Virtual LAN (VLANs) are used to have more subnets on one switch. Dividing a network into smaller parts is also good for performance, because broadcasts (packets sent to everyone) don't cross a subnet border. Communication between subnets is done by routers. Network devices in an IP subnet have a common IP address prefix. Another reason is because we need to assigne some addresses to some organizations. ![]() So we divide a networks into smaller parts (hierarchically) and these parts are called subnetworks. What is a subnet (subnetwork)?īecause real networks are really large, we can't communicate directly with all computers. Some frequently used technologies are Ethernet, with protocol TCP/IP, for Local Area Network (LAN - cover a small geographical area and provide high bandwidth with low delays) and Frame Relay for Wide Area Network (WAN - interconnecting of LANs). We can classify networks by many parameters. The reason for using a computer network is to share sources. Simply put, CIDR with address aggregation allows numerous networks to be addressed with a single routing entry.A computer network is a connection of two or more computers some form of telecommunication system. Another issue with a classful system is that bandwidth utilization is rather significant when routers communicate routing information. However, performance was hampered because enormous tables had to be looked up without using a more dynamic IP interval technique, such as CIDR. PrefixĬIDR, or Classless Inter Domain Routing, was created to help large routers minimize the size of their routing tables, which was complex with classful routing.Ĭlassful routing consumes a lot of memory, resulting in prohibitively expensive hardware. HostMax: 2002:c007:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffe ![]() IPv6 also offers additional features, such as improved security, auto-configuration, and better support for multicast communications.Īddress: 2002:c000:022a:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/29 This expansion supports the growing number of devices connecting to the internet, including computers, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and more. ![]() IPv6 addresses provide a significantly larger address space than IPv4, allowing for a virtually unlimited number of unique addresses. It is represented as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits, separated by colons. ![]() IPv6 is the latest version of the Internet Protocol, designed to replace IPv4 due to the depletion of available IPv4 addresses.Īn IPv6 address consists of 128 bits, compared to 32-bit IPv4 addresses. For example, "2001:0cb8:0000:0000:0000:ff00:0246:7348" IPv6 address.Īn IPv6 address is a unique identifier assigned to devices connected to an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) network. A 16-byte IPv6 address is normally represented hexadecimal digits and divided into 8 groups separated by colons (:). ![]()
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